El redescubrimiento de Frullania weberbaueri Steph., incluyendo su primer reporte para Chile, estado de conservación y lectotipificación

We report the finding of a population of Frullania weberbaueri in Parque Nacional Pan de Azúcar, Antofagasta Province, Chile. This taxon was previously known only from the type specimen collected by August Weberbauer in Lima in 1901. The new gathering is fertile so we describe here its sexuality and perianths, together with the oil bodies and the habitat used by the species, and we provide a map of its known distribution. A lectotype for the name is here designated. This is the first record of a liverwort for the deserts of northern Chile, and the southernmost record for Frullania sect. Meteoriopsis.Se reporta el hallazgo de una población de Frullania weberbaueri en el Parque Nacional Pan de Azúcar, Provincia de Antofagasta, Chile. Este taxón se conocía previamente sólo de la colección tipo realizada por August Weberbauer en Lima en 1901. La nueva colección está fértil, por lo que se describen aquí la sexualidad y los periantos, junto con los cuerpos oleosos y el hábitat utilizado por la especie, y se provee un mapa de su distribución conocida. Se designa un lectotipo para el nombre. Este es el primer registro de una hepática para los desiertos costeros del norte de Chile, y el registro más austral para Frullania sect. Meteoriopsis

Syndecan 4 interacts genetically with Vangl2 to regulate neural tube closure and planar cell polarity

Syndecan 4 (Sdc4) is a cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) that regulates gastrulation, neural tube closure and directed neural crest migration in Xenopus development. To determine whether Sdc4 participates in Wnt/PCP signaling during mouse development, we evaluated a possible interaction between a null mutation of Sdc4 and the loop-tail allele of Vangl2. Sdc4 is expressed in multiple tissues, but particularly in the non-neural ectoderm, hindgut and otic vesicles. Sdc4;Vangl2Lp compound mutant mice have defective spinal neural tube closure, disrupted orientation of the stereocilia bundles in the cochlea and delayed wound healing, demonstrating a strong genetic interaction. In Xenopus, co-injection of suboptimal amounts of Sdc4 and Vangl2 morpholinos resulted in a significantly greater proportion of embryos with defective neural tube closure than each individual morpholino alone. To probe the mechanism of this interaction, we overexpressed or knocked down Vangl2 function in HEK293 cells. The Sdc4 and Vangl2 proteins colocalize, and Vangl2, particularly the Vangl2Lp mutant form, diminishes Sdc4 protein levels. Conversely, Vangl2 knockdown enhances Sdc4 protein levels. Overall HSPG steady-state levels were regulated by Vangl2, suggesting a molecular mechanism for the genetic interaction in which Vangl2Lp/+ enhances the Sdc4-null phenotype. This could be mediated via heparan sulfate residues, as Vangl2Lp/+ embryos fail to initiate neural tube closure and develop craniorachischisis (usually seen only in Vangl2Lp/Lp) when cultured in the presence of chlorate, a sulfation inhibitor. These results demonstrate that Sdc4 can participate in the Wnt/PCP pathway, unveiling its importance during neural tube closure in mammalian embryos

Brain complications from odontogenic infections: A systematic review

Purpose: Odontogenic infections can spread through different routes to more remote anatomical areas, such as the brain. Brain abscesses have an incidence of 0.3−1.3 / 100,000 population and only 2−5% are of dental origin. The main objective is to research brain complications derived from odontogenic infections. Secondary objectives were to identify the most common symptoms in brain abscess, to describe the microbiology involved in these infectious processes, report which parts of the brain complex are most commonly affected and report the sequelae of this patients. Methods: A systematic review following the PRISMA Guide and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case Reports was carried out in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. The search terms were: Brain infection, brain abscess, oral health oral origin, odont* infect*. Results: The database search identified a total of 1000 articles. A total of 18 publications were identified after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 38 patients were analyzed. Mean age was 49.64§ 18.80 years. Conclusion: The most common symptoms of patients with brain abscess are neurological affectations first and then fever and headache second, without necessarily presenting as a symptomatological triad. Microbiological diagnosis is key to determining the origin of the infection. Anaerobic pathogens such as Streptococcus (F. Milleri), Fusobacterium Nucleatum and Porfiromonas Gingivalis families are common bacterial agents. The frontal lobe is the most frequently affected, followed by the parietal and temporal lobe. The most frequent brain complications are neurological disorders. However, most patients with brain abscesses recover without sequelae

Modelling phenolic and technological maturities of grapes by means of the multivariate relation between organoleptic and physicochemical properties

The ripeness of grapes at the harvest time is one of the most important parameters for obtaining high quality red wines. Traditionally the decision of harvesting is to be taken only after analysing sugar concentration, titratable acidity and pH of the grape juice (technological maturity). However, these parameters only provide information about the pulp ripeness and overlook the real degree of skins and seeds maturities (phenolic maturity). Both maturities, technological and phenolic, are not simultaneously reached, on the contrary they tend to separate depending on several factors: grape variety, cultivar, adverse weather conditions, soil, water availability and cultural practices. Besides, this divergence is increasing as a consequence of the climate change (larger quantities of CO2, less rain, and higher temperatures). 247 samples collected in vineyards representative of the qualified designation of origin Rioja from 2007 to 2011 have been analysed. Samples contain the four grape varieties usual in the elaboration of Rioja wines (‘tempranillo’, ‘garnacha’, ‘mazuelo’ and ‘graciano’). The present study is the first systematic investigation on the maturity of grapes that includes the organoleptic evaluation of the degree of grapes maturity (sugars/acidity maturity, aromatic maturity of the pulp, aromatic maturity of the skins and tannins maturity) together with the values of the physicochemical parameters (probable alcohol degree, total acidity, pH, malic acid, K, total index polyphenolics, anthocyans, absorbances at 420, 520 and 620 nm, colour index and tartaric acid) determined over the same samples. A varimax rotation of the latent variables of a PLS model between the physicochemical variables and the mean of four sensory variables allows identifying both maturities. Besides, the position of the samples in the first plane defines the effect that the different factors exert on both phenolic and technological maturitiesMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad (CTQ2011-26022) and Junta de Castilla y León (BU108A11-2

Saberes y poder en un espacio escolar conflictivo : un estudio etnográfico

Este texto se presentó como comunicación al II Congreso Internacional de Etnografía y Educación: Migraciones y Ciudadanías. Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, 5-8 Septiembre 2008.El sector público en Europa se encuentra desde los finales de los años 70 en una fase de reestructuración (Castells 1998; Esping-Anderson, 1990, 1996; Norrie & Goodson 2005). En ese contexto, la educación y la sanidad pública, en tanto que ejes principales del Estado de Bienestar, sufren las consecuencias de discursos neoliberales que promueven su descentralización y mercantilización (Beach 2005). Estos procesos afectan de forma directa el trabajo y el conocimiento profesional de docentes y enfermeros, que ven su práctica y su autonomía cada más amenazadas por dinámicas de mercado que promueven la desprofesionalización y el control de la eficiencia por parte de las autoridades públicas. (Goodson & Hargreaves, 1996; Troman, 2000).El proyecto de investigación europeo Profknow: Professional Knowledge - Restructuring work and life between state and citizens in Europe, tiene como principal objetivo analizar los efectos de estos procesos de reestructuración en la vida profesional de aquellas personas que trabajan en el sector público. Concretamente, propone prestar atención al conocimiento profesional, las condiciones laborales y las experiencias que se generan en la profesión docente y de enfermería en Europa en la actualidad, teniendo en cuenta los cambios habidos en el Estado de Bienestar. Este estudio, en el que participan investigadores del campo de la educación de siete países (Finlandia, Suecia, Irlanda, Reino Unido, Grecia, Portugal y España) ha sido financiado por el VI Programa Marco de la Unión Europea, y se encuentra actualmente en su fase final de ejecución (2004-2007). Nuestro propósito con esta comunicación es presentar parte de la investigación realizada en España. En concreto proponemos compartir algunos de los resultados del estudio etnográfico que llevamos a cabo en un Centro de Actuación Educativa Preferente (CAEP), de la ciudad de Barcelona. La experiencia de esta escuela y sus maestras nos han permitido reflexionar en torno a las múltiples dimensiones y facetas de las relaciones que se tejen en un espacio escolar considerado difícil y conflictivo, y sobre cómo las diversas situaciones ahí vividas - en el aula, en el claustro, en el barrio - pueden llegar a ser generadoras de conocimientos y saberes profesionales y personales

Multi-risk assessment and management—a comparative study of the current state of affairs in chile and ecuador

In Chile and Ecuador, multiple hazards and dynamic processes in vulnerability pose a high risk. Spatial planning and emergency management can contribute to disaster risk management but they follow different goals. However, global goals, such as from UN-ISDR (United Nat

Foreign direct investment and institutional reform : evidence and an application to Portugal

We examine the role of geographic, economic, and institutional factors in attracting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Europe, using a cross-section of inward bilateral investments. We estimate and assess the expected benefits, the required reform efforts, and the efficiency of reform options corresponding to a con- vergence of Portuguese institutions to EU standards. We conclude that improving home institutions is likely to have a quantitatively very significant role in attracting FDI. Geographical and market size factors also play a role. Reforms promoting the independence of financial institutions and a leaner bureaucracy, lowering political risk and corruption, and improving the investment code may significantly affect the amount of bilateral inward FDI that is targeted to Portugal.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio